diff --git a/esphome/components/opentherm/hub.cpp b/esphome/components/opentherm/hub.cpp
index dfa8ea95c5..aac2966ed1 100644
--- a/esphome/components/opentherm/hub.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/opentherm/hub.cpp
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ OpenthermHub::OpenthermHub() : Component(), in_pin_{}, out_pin_{} {}
 void OpenthermHub::process_response(OpenthermData &data) {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Received OpenTherm response with id %d (%s)", data.id,
            this->opentherm_->message_id_to_str((MessageId) data.id));
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s", this->opentherm_->debug_data(data).c_str());
+  this->opentherm_->debug_data(data);
 
   switch (data.id) {
     OPENTHERM_SENSOR_MESSAGE_HANDLERS(OPENTHERM_MESSAGE_RESPONSE_MESSAGE, OPENTHERM_MESSAGE_RESPONSE_ENTITY, ,
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ void OpenthermHub::start_conversation_() {
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Sending request with id %d (%s)", request.id,
            this->opentherm_->message_id_to_str((MessageId) request.id));
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s", this->opentherm_->debug_data(request).c_str());
+  this->opentherm_->debug_data(request);
   // Send the request
   this->last_conversation_start_ = millis();
   this->opentherm_->send(request);
@@ -340,19 +340,18 @@ void OpenthermHub::stop_opentherm_() {
   this->opentherm_->stop();
   this->last_conversation_end_ = millis();
 }
-
 void OpenthermHub::handle_protocol_write_error_() {
   ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Error while sending request: %s",
            this->opentherm_->operation_mode_to_str(this->opentherm_->get_mode()));
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s", this->opentherm_->debug_data(this->last_request_).c_str());
+  this->opentherm_->debug_data(this->last_request_);
 }
-
 void OpenthermHub::handle_protocol_read_error_() {
   OpenThermError error;
   this->opentherm_->get_protocol_error(error);
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Protocol error occured while receiving response: %s", this->opentherm_->debug_error(error).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Protocol error occured while receiving response: %s",
+           this->opentherm_->protocol_error_to_to_str(error.error_type));
+  this->opentherm_->debug_error(error);
 }
-
 void OpenthermHub::handle_timeout_error_() {
   ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Receive response timed out at a protocol level");
   this->stop_opentherm_();
diff --git a/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.cpp b/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.cpp
index 78ecb53428..e40fc66b7d 100644
--- a/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.cpp
@@ -15,15 +15,11 @@
 #include "Arduino.h"
 #endif
 #include <string>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <bitset>
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace opentherm {
 
 using std::string;
-using std::bitset;
-using std::stringstream;
 using std::to_string;
 
 static const char *const TAG = "opentherm";
@@ -545,29 +541,17 @@ const char *OpenTherm::message_id_to_str(MessageId id) {
   }
 }
 
-string OpenTherm::debug_data(OpenthermData &data) {
-  stringstream result;
-  result << bitset<8>(data.type) << " " << bitset<8>(data.id) << " " << bitset<8>(data.valueHB) << " "
-         << bitset<8>(data.valueLB) << "\n";
-  result << "type: " << this->message_type_to_str((MessageType) data.type) << "; ";
-  result << "id: " << to_string(data.id) << "; ";
-  result << "HB: " << to_string(data.valueHB) << "; ";
-  result << "LB: " << to_string(data.valueLB) << "; ";
-  result << "uint_16: " << to_string(data.u16()) << "; ";
-  result << "float: " << to_string(data.f88());
-
-  return result.str();
+void OpenTherm::debug_data(OpenthermData &data) {
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s %s %s %s", format_bin(data.type).c_str(), format_bin(data.id).c_str(),
+           format_bin(data.valueHB).c_str(), format_bin(data.valueLB).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "type: %s; id: %s; HB: %s; LB: %s; uint_16: %s; float: %s",
+           this->message_type_to_str((MessageType) data.type), to_string(data.id).c_str(),
+           to_string(data.valueHB).c_str(), to_string(data.valueLB).c_str(), to_string(data.u16()).c_str(),
+           to_string(data.f88()).c_str());
 }
-std::string OpenTherm::debug_error(OpenThermError &error) {
-  stringstream result;
-  result << "type: " << this->protocol_error_to_to_str(error.error_type) << "; ";
-  result << "data: ";
-  result << format_hex(error.data);
-  result << "; clock: " << to_string(clock_);
-  result << "; capture: " << bitset<32>(error.capture);
-  result << "; bit_pos: " << to_string(error.bit_pos);
-
-  return result.str();
+void OpenTherm::debug_error(OpenThermError &error) const {
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "data: %s; clock: %s; capture: %s; bit_pos: %s", format_hex(error.data).c_str(),
+           to_string(clock_).c_str(), format_bin(error.capture).c_str(), to_string(error.bit_pos).c_str());
 }
 
 float OpenthermData::f88() { return ((float) this->s16()) / 256.0; }
diff --git a/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.h b/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.h
index 5088bb2aa3..9532a77821 100644
--- a/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.h
+++ b/esphome/components/opentherm/opentherm.h
@@ -8,10 +8,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <string>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <iomanip>
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #if defined(ESP32) || defined(USE_ESP_IDF)
 #include "driver/timer.h"
@@ -318,8 +317,8 @@ class OpenTherm {
 
   OperationMode get_mode() { return mode_; }
 
-  std::string debug_data(OpenthermData &data);
-  std::string debug_error(OpenThermError &error);
+  void debug_data(OpenthermData &data);
+  void debug_error(OpenThermError &error) const;
 
   const char *protocol_error_to_to_str(ProtocolErrorType error_type);
   const char *message_type_to_str(MessageType message_type);
diff --git a/esphome/core/helpers.cpp b/esphome/core/helpers.cpp
index dae60a4e1d..befc84516c 100644
--- a/esphome/core/helpers.cpp
+++ b/esphome/core/helpers.cpp
@@ -397,6 +397,18 @@ std::string format_hex_pretty(const uint16_t *data, size_t length) {
 }
 std::string format_hex_pretty(const std::vector<uint16_t> &data) { return format_hex_pretty(data.data(), data.size()); }
 
+std::string format_bin(const uint8_t *data, size_t length) {
+  std::string result;
+  result.resize(length * 8);
+  for (size_t byte_idx = 0; byte_idx < length; byte_idx++) {
+    for (size_t bit_idx = 0; bit_idx < 8; bit_idx++) {
+      result[byte_idx * 8 + bit_idx] = ((data[byte_idx] >> (7 - bit_idx)) & 1) + '0';
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
 ParseOnOffState parse_on_off(const char *str, const char *on, const char *off) {
   if (on == nullptr && strcasecmp(str, "on") == 0)
     return PARSE_ON;
diff --git a/esphome/core/helpers.h b/esphome/core/helpers.h
index 43001bafdd..305ec47f76 100644
--- a/esphome/core/helpers.h
+++ b/esphome/core/helpers.h
@@ -420,6 +420,14 @@ template<typename T, enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned<T>::value, int> = 0> std::stri
   return format_hex_pretty(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&val), sizeof(T));
 }
 
+/// Format the byte array \p data of length \p len in binary.
+std::string format_bin(const uint8_t *data, size_t length);
+/// Format an unsigned integer in binary, starting with the most significant byte.
+template<typename T, enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned<T>::value, int> = 0> std::string format_bin(T val) {
+  val = convert_big_endian(val);
+  return format_bin(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&val), sizeof(T));
+}
+
 /// Return values for parse_on_off().
 enum ParseOnOffState {
   PARSE_NONE = 0,