Add new component for Tuya dimmers (#743)

* Add new component for Tuya dimmers

* Update code

* Class naming

* Log output

* Fixes

* Lint

* Format

* Fix test

* log setting datapoint values

* remove in_setup_ and fix datapoint handling


Co-authored-by: Samuel Sieb <samuel@sieb.net>
Co-authored-by: Otto Winter <otto@otto-winter.com>

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/esp32_ble_tracker.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "esp32_ble_tracker.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
 
@@ -202,20 +203,8 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::gap_scan_result(const esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t::ble_scan_res
   }
 }
 
-std::string hexencode(const std::string &raw_data) {
+std::string hexencode_string(const std::string &raw_data) {
-  char buf[20];
+  return hexencode(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(raw_data.c_str()), raw_data.size());
-  std::string res;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < raw_data.size(); i++) {
-    if (i + 1 != raw_data.size()) {
-      sprintf(buf, "0x%02X.", static_cast<uint8_t>(raw_data[i]));
-    } else {
-      sprintf(buf, "0x%02X ", static_cast<uint8_t>(raw_data[i]));
-    }
-    res += buf;
-  }
-  sprintf(buf, "(%zu)", raw_data.size());
-  res += buf;
-  return res;
 }
 
 ESPBTUUID::ESPBTUUID() : uuid_() {}
@@ -327,15 +316,15 @@ void ESPBTDevice::parse_scan_rst(const esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t::ble_scan_result_e
   for (auto uuid : this->service_uuids_) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Service UUID: %s", uuid.to_string().c_str());
   }
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Manufacturer data: %s", hexencode(this->manufacturer_data_).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Manufacturer data: %s", hexencode_string(this->manufacturer_data_).c_str());
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Service data: %s", hexencode(this->service_data_).c_str());
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Service data: %s", hexencode_string(this->service_data_).c_str());
 
   if (this->service_data_uuid_.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Service Data UUID: %s", this->service_data_uuid_->to_string().c_str());
   }
 
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Adv data: %s",
-            hexencode(std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(param.ble_adv), param.adv_data_len)).c_str());
+            hexencode_string(std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(param.ble_adv), param.adv_data_len)).c_str());
 #endif
 }
 void ESPBTDevice::parse_adv_(const esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t::ble_scan_result_evt_param &param) {

esphome/components/tuya/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.components import uart
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ['uart']
+
+tuya_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace('tuya')
+Tuya = tuya_ns.class_('Tuya', cg.Component, uart.UARTDevice)
+
+CONF_TUYA_ID = 'tuya_id'
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema({
+    cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(Tuya),
+}).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA).extend(uart.UART_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
+
+
+def to_code(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
+    yield cg.register_component(var, config)
+    yield uart.register_uart_device(var, config)

esphome/components/tuya/light/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from esphome.components import light
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.const import CONF_OUTPUT_ID, CONF_MIN_VALUE, CONF_MAX_VALUE
+from .. import tuya_ns, CONF_TUYA_ID, Tuya
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ['tuya']
+
+CONF_DIMMER_DATAPOINT = "dimmer_datapoint"
+CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT = "switch_datapoint"
+
+TuyaLight = tuya_ns.class_('TuyaLight', light.LightOutput, cg.Component)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = light.BRIGHTNESS_ONLY_LIGHT_SCHEMA.extend({
+    cv.GenerateID(CONF_OUTPUT_ID): cv.declare_id(TuyaLight),
+    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TUYA_ID): cv.use_id(Tuya),
+    cv.Required(CONF_DIMMER_DATAPOINT): cv.uint8_t,
+    cv.Optional(CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT): cv.uint8_t,
+    cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_VALUE): cv.int_,
+    cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_VALUE): cv.int_,
+}).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+
+
+def to_code(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_OUTPUT_ID])
+    yield cg.register_component(var, config)
+    yield light.register_light(var, config)
+
+    if CONF_DIMMER_DATAPOINT in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_dimmer_id(config[CONF_DIMMER_DATAPOINT]))
+    if CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_switch_id(config[CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT]))
+    if CONF_MIN_VALUE in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_min_value(config[CONF_MIN_VALUE]))
+    if CONF_MAX_VALUE in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_max_value(config[CONF_MAX_VALUE]))
+    paren = yield cg.get_variable(config[CONF_TUYA_ID])
+    cg.add(var.set_tuya_parent(paren))

esphome/components/tuya/light/tuya_light.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "tuya_light.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace tuya {
+
+static const char *TAG = "tuya.light";
+
+void TuyaLight::setup() {
+  if (this->dimmer_id_.has_value()) {
+    this->parent_->register_listener(*this->dimmer_id_, [this](TuyaDatapoint datapoint) {
+      auto call = this->state_->make_call();
+      call.set_brightness(float(datapoint.value_uint) / this->max_value_);
+      call.perform();
+    });
+  }
+  if (switch_id_.has_value()) {
+    this->parent_->register_listener(*this->switch_id_, [this](TuyaDatapoint datapoint) {
+      auto call = this->state_->make_call();
+      call.set_state(datapoint.value_bool);
+      call.perform();
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+void TuyaLight::dump_config() {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Tuya Dimmer:");
+  if (this->dimmer_id_.has_value())
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   Dimmer has datapoint ID %u", *this->dimmer_id_);
+  if (this->switch_id_.has_value())
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   Switch has datapoint ID %u", *this->switch_id_);
+}
+
+light::LightTraits TuyaLight::get_traits() {
+  auto traits = light::LightTraits();
+  traits.set_supports_brightness(this->dimmer_id_.has_value());
+  return traits;
+}
+
+void TuyaLight::setup_state(light::LightState *state) { state_ = state; }
+
+void TuyaLight::write_state(light::LightState *state) {
+  float brightness;
+  state->current_values_as_brightness(&brightness);
+
+  if (brightness == 0.0f) {
+    // turning off, first try via switch (if exists), then dimmer
+    if (switch_id_.has_value()) {
+      TuyaDatapoint datapoint{};
+      datapoint.id = *this->switch_id_;
+      datapoint.type = TuyaDatapointType::BOOLEAN;
+      datapoint.value_bool = false;
+
+      parent_->set_datapoint_value(datapoint);
+    } else if (dimmer_id_.has_value()) {
+      TuyaDatapoint datapoint{};
+      datapoint.id = *this->dimmer_id_;
+      datapoint.type = TuyaDatapointType::INTEGER;
+      datapoint.value_int = 0;
+      parent_->set_datapoint_value(datapoint);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  auto brightness_int = static_cast<uint32_t>(brightness * this->max_value_);
+  brightness_int = std::max(brightness_int, this->min_value_);
+
+  if (this->dimmer_id_.has_value()) {
+    TuyaDatapoint datapoint{};
+    datapoint.id = *this->dimmer_id_;
+    datapoint.type = TuyaDatapointType::INTEGER;
+    datapoint.value_int = brightness_int;
+    parent_->set_datapoint_value(datapoint);
+  }
+  if (this->switch_id_.has_value()) {
+    TuyaDatapoint datapoint{};
+    datapoint.id = *this->switch_id_;
+    datapoint.type = TuyaDatapointType::BOOLEAN;
+    datapoint.value_bool = true;
+    parent_->set_datapoint_value(datapoint);
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace tuya
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/tuya/light/tuya_light.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/components/tuya/tuya.h"
+#include "esphome/components/light/light_output.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace tuya {
+
+class TuyaLight : public Component, public light::LightOutput {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  void set_dimmer_id(uint8_t dimmer_id) { this->dimmer_id_ = dimmer_id; }
+  void set_switch_id(uint8_t switch_id) { this->switch_id_ = switch_id; }
+  void set_tuya_parent(Tuya *parent) { this->parent_ = parent; }
+  void set_min_value(uint32_t min_value) { min_value_ = min_value; }
+  void set_max_value(uint32_t max_value) { max_value_ = max_value; }
+  light::LightTraits get_traits() override;
+  void setup_state(light::LightState *state) override;
+  void write_state(light::LightState *state) override;
+
+ protected:
+  void update_dimmer_(uint32_t value);
+  void update_switch_(uint32_t value);
+
+  Tuya *parent_;
+  optional<uint8_t> dimmer_id_{};
+  optional<uint8_t> switch_id_{};
+  uint32_t min_value_ = 0;
+  uint32_t max_value_ = 255;
+  light::LightState *state_{nullptr};
+};
+
+}  // namespace tuya
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/tuya/tuya.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+#include "tuya.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace tuya {
+
+static const char *TAG = "tuya";
+
+void Tuya::setup() {
+  this->send_empty_command_(TuyaCommandType::MCU_CONF);
+  this->set_interval("heartbeat", 1000, [this] { this->send_empty_command_(TuyaCommandType::HEARTBEAT); });
+}
+
+void Tuya::loop() {
+  while (this->available()) {
+    uint8_t c;
+    this->read_byte(&c);
+    this->handle_char_(c);
+  }
+}
+
+void Tuya::dump_config() {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Tuya:");
+  if ((gpio_status_ != -1) || (gpio_reset_ != -1))
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  GPIO MCU configuration not supported!");
+  for (auto &info : this->datapoints_) {
+    if (info.type == TuyaDatapointType::BOOLEAN)
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Datapoint %d: switch (value: %s)", info.id, ONOFF(info.value_bool));
+    else if (info.type == TuyaDatapointType::INTEGER)
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Datapoint %d: int value (value: %d)", info.id, info.value_int);
+    else if (info.type == TuyaDatapointType::ENUM)
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Datapoint %d: enum (value: %d)", info.id, info.value_enum);
+    else if (info.type == TuyaDatapointType::BITMASK)
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Datapoint %d: bitmask (value: %x)", info.id, info.value_bitmask);
+    else
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Datapoint %d: unknown", info.id);
+  }
+}
+
+bool Tuya::validate_message_() {
+  uint32_t at = this->rx_message_.size() - 1;
+  auto *data = &this->rx_message_[0];
+  uint8_t new_byte = data[at];
+
+  // Byte 0: HEADER1 (always 0x55)
+  if (at == 0)
+    return new_byte == 0x55;
+  // Byte 1: HEADER2 (always 0xAA)
+  if (at == 1)
+    return new_byte == 0xAA;
+
+  // Byte 2: VERSION
+  // no validation for the following fields:
+  uint8_t version = data[2];
+  if (at == 2)
+    return true;
+  // Byte 3: COMMAND
+  uint8_t command = data[3];
+  if (at == 3)
+    return true;
+
+  // Byte 4: LENGTH1
+  // Byte 5: LENGTH2
+  if (at <= 5)
+    // no validation for these fields
+    return true;
+
+  uint16_t length = (uint16_t(data[4]) << 8) | (uint16_t(data[5]));
+
+  // wait until all data is read
+  if (at - 6 < length)
+    return true;
+
+  // Byte 6+LEN: CHECKSUM - sum of all bytes (including header) modulo 256
+  uint8_t rx_checksum = new_byte;
+  uint8_t calc_checksum = 0;
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6 + length; i++)
+    calc_checksum += data[i];
+
+  if (rx_checksum != calc_checksum) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Tuya Received invalid message checksum %02X!=%02X", rx_checksum, calc_checksum);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // valid message
+  const uint8_t *message_data = data + 6;
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Received Tuya: CMD=0x%02X VERSION=%u DATA=[%s]", command, version,
+           hexencode(message_data, length).c_str());
+  this->handle_command_(command, version, message_data, length);
+
+  // return false to reset rx buffer
+  return false;
+}
+
+void Tuya::handle_char_(uint8_t c) {
+  this->rx_message_.push_back(c);
+  if (!this->validate_message_()) {
+    this->rx_message_.clear();
+  }
+}
+
+void Tuya::handle_command_(uint8_t command, uint8_t version, const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  uint8_t c;
+  switch ((TuyaCommandType) command) {
+    case TuyaCommandType::HEARTBEAT:
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "MCU Heartbeat (0x%02X)", buffer[0]);
+      if (buffer[0] == 0) {
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MCU restarted");
+        this->send_empty_command_(TuyaCommandType::QUERY_STATE);
+      }
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::QUERY_PRODUCT: {
+      // check it is a valid string
+      bool valid = false;
+      for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        if (buffer[i] == 0x00) {
+          valid = true;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (valid) {
+        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Tuya Product Code: %s", reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buffer));
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case TuyaCommandType::MCU_CONF:
+      if (len >= 2) {
+        gpio_status_ = buffer[0];
+        gpio_reset_ = buffer[1];
+      }
+      // set wifi state LED to off or on depending on the MCU firmware
+      // but it shouldn't be blinking
+      c = 0x3;
+      this->send_command_(TuyaCommandType::WIFI_STATE, &c, 1);
+      this->send_empty_command_(TuyaCommandType::QUERY_STATE);
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::WIFI_STATE:
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::WIFI_RESET:
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "TUYA_CMD_WIFI_RESET is not handled");
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::WIFI_SELECT:
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "TUYA_CMD_WIFI_SELECT is not handled");
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::SET_DATAPOINT:
+      break;
+    case TuyaCommandType::STATE: {
+      this->handle_datapoint_(buffer, len);
+      break;
+    }
+    case TuyaCommandType::QUERY_STATE:
+      break;
+    default:
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "invalid command (%02x) received", command);
+  }
+}
+
+void Tuya::handle_datapoint_(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  if (len < 2)
+    return;
+
+  TuyaDatapoint datapoint{};
+  datapoint.id = buffer[0];
+  datapoint.type = (TuyaDatapointType) buffer[1];
+  datapoint.value_uint = 0;
+
+  size_t data_size = (buffer[2] << 8) + buffer[3];
+  const uint8_t *data = buffer + 4;
+  size_t data_len = len - 4;
+  if (data_size != data_len) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "invalid datapoint update");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  switch (datapoint.type) {
+    case TuyaDatapointType::BOOLEAN:
+      if (data_len != 1)
+        return;
+      datapoint.value_bool = data[0];
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::INTEGER:
+      if (data_len != 4)
+        return;
+      datapoint.value_uint =
+          (uint32_t(data[0]) << 24) | (uint32_t(data[1]) << 16) | (uint32_t(data[2]) << 8) | (uint32_t(data[3]) << 0);
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::ENUM:
+      if (data_len != 1)
+        return;
+      datapoint.value_enum = data[0];
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::BITMASK:
+      if (data_len != 2)
+        return;
+      datapoint.value_bitmask = (uint16_t(data[0]) << 8) | (uint16_t(data[1]) << 0);
+      break;
+    default:
+      return;
+  }
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Datapoint %u update to %u", datapoint.id, datapoint.value_uint);
+
+  // Update internal datapoints
+  bool found = false;
+  for (auto &other : this->datapoints_) {
+    if (other.id == datapoint.id) {
+      other = datapoint;
+      found = true;
+    }
+  }
+  if (!found) {
+    this->datapoints_.push_back(datapoint);
+    // New datapoint found, reprint dump_config after a delay.
+    this->set_timeout("datapoint_dump", 100, [this] { this->dump_config(); });
+  }
+
+  // Run through listeners
+  for (auto &listener : this->listeners_)
+    if (listener.datapoint_id == datapoint.id)
+      listener.on_datapoint(datapoint);
+}
+
+void Tuya::send_command_(TuyaCommandType command, const uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t len) {
+  uint8_t len_hi = len >> 8;
+  uint8_t len_lo = len >> 0;
+  this->write_array({0x55, 0xAA,
+                     0x00,  // version
+                     (uint8_t) command, len_hi, len_lo});
+  if (len != 0)
+    this->write_array(buffer, len);
+
+  uint8_t checksum = 0x55 + 0xAA + (uint8_t) command + len_hi + len_lo;
+  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+    checksum += buffer[i];
+  this->write_byte(checksum);
+}
+
+void Tuya::set_datapoint_value(TuyaDatapoint datapoint) {
+  std::vector<uint8_t> buffer;
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Datapoint %u set to %u", datapoint.id, datapoint.value_uint);
+  for (auto &other : this->datapoints_) {
+    if (other.id == datapoint.id) {
+      if (other.value_uint == datapoint.value_uint) {
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Not sending unchanged value");
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  buffer.push_back(datapoint.id);
+  buffer.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(datapoint.type));
+
+  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+  switch (datapoint.type) {
+    case TuyaDatapointType::BOOLEAN:
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_bool);
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::INTEGER:
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_uint >> 24);
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_uint >> 16);
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_uint >> 8);
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_uint >> 0);
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::ENUM:
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_enum);
+      break;
+    case TuyaDatapointType::BITMASK:
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_bitmask >> 8);
+      data.push_back(datapoint.value_bitmask >> 0);
+      break;
+    default:
+      return;
+  }
+
+  buffer.push_back(data.size() >> 8);
+  buffer.push_back(data.size() >> 0);
+  buffer.insert(buffer.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
+  this->send_command_(TuyaCommandType::SET_DATAPOINT, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+}
+
+void Tuya::register_listener(uint8_t datapoint_id, const std::function<void(TuyaDatapoint)> &func) {
+  auto listener = TuyaDatapointListener{
+      .datapoint_id = datapoint_id,
+      .on_datapoint = func,
+  };
+  this->listeners_.push_back(listener);
+
+  // Run through existing datapoints
+  for (auto &datapoint : this->datapoints_)
+    if (datapoint.id == datapoint_id)
+      func(datapoint);
+}
+
+}  // namespace tuya
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/tuya/tuya.h

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace tuya {
+
+enum class TuyaDatapointType : uint8_t {
+  RAW = 0x00,      // variable length
+  BOOLEAN = 0x01,  // 1 byte (0/1)
+  INTEGER = 0x02,  // 4 byte
+  STRING = 0x03,   // variable length
+  ENUM = 0x04,     // 1 byte
+  BITMASK = 0x05,  // 2 bytes
+};
+
+struct TuyaDatapoint {
+  uint8_t id;
+  TuyaDatapointType type;
+  union {
+    bool value_bool;
+    int value_int;
+    uint32_t value_uint;
+    uint8_t value_enum;
+    uint16_t value_bitmask;
+  };
+};
+
+struct TuyaDatapointListener {
+  uint8_t datapoint_id;
+  std::function<void(TuyaDatapoint)> on_datapoint;
+};
+
+enum class TuyaCommandType : uint8_t {
+  HEARTBEAT = 0x00,
+  QUERY_PRODUCT = 0x01,
+  MCU_CONF = 0x02,
+  WIFI_STATE = 0x03,
+  WIFI_RESET = 0x04,
+  WIFI_SELECT = 0x05,
+  SET_DATAPOINT = 0x06,
+  STATE = 0x07,
+  QUERY_STATE = 0x08,
+};
+
+class Tuya : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
+ public:
+  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
+  void setup() override;
+  void loop() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  void register_listener(uint8_t datapoint_id, const std::function<void(TuyaDatapoint)> &func);
+  void set_datapoint_value(TuyaDatapoint datapoint);
+
+ protected:
+  void handle_char_(uint8_t c);
+  void handle_datapoint_(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+  bool validate_message_();
+
+  void handle_command_(uint8_t command, uint8_t version, const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+  void send_command_(TuyaCommandType command, const uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t len);
+  void send_empty_command_(TuyaCommandType command) { this->send_command_(command, nullptr, 0); }
+
+  int gpio_status_ = -1;
+  int gpio_reset_ = -1;
+  std::vector<TuyaDatapointListener> listeners_;
+  std::vector<TuyaDatapoint> datapoints_;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> rx_message_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace tuya
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/core/helpers.cpp

@@ -314,4 +314,20 @@ std::array<uint8_t, 2> decode_uint16(uint16_t value) {
   return {msb, lsb};
 }
 
+std::string hexencode(const uint8_t *data, uint32_t len) {
+  char buf[20];
+  std::string res;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    if (i + 1 != len) {
+      sprintf(buf, "%02X.", data[i]);
+    } else {
+      sprintf(buf, "%02X ", data[i]);
+    }
+    res += buf;
+  }
+  sprintf(buf, "(%u)", len);
+  res += buf;
+  return res;
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome

esphome/core/helpers.h

@@ -156,6 +156,9 @@ enum ParseOnOffState {
 
 ParseOnOffState parse_on_off(const char *str, const char *on = nullptr, const char *off = nullptr);
 
+// Encode raw data to a human-readable string (for debugging)
+std::string hexencode(const uint8_t *data, uint32_t len);
+
 // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7858817/unpacking-a-tuple-to-call-a-matching-function-pointer/7858971#7858971
 template<int...> struct seq {};                                       // NOLINT
 template<int N, int... S> struct gens : gens<N - 1, N - 1, S...> {};  // NOLINT