diff --git a/esphome/components/modem/__init__.py b/esphome/components/modem/__init__.py
index d9d47a3890..058f2de597 100644
--- a/esphome/components/modem/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/modem/__init__.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.core import coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_component, add_idf_sdkconfig_option
-from esphome import automation
+from esphome import pins, automation
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@oarcher"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
@@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(ModemComponent),
-            cv.Required(CONF_TX_PIN): cv.positive_int,
-            cv.Required(CONF_RX_PIN): cv.positive_int,
+            cv.Required(CONF_TX_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_output_pin_schema,
+            cv.Required(CONF_RX_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_output_pin_schema,
             cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.string,
             cv.Required(CONF_APN): cv.string,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_DTR_PIN): cv.positive_int,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_DTR_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_output_pin_schema,
             cv.Optional(CONF_PIN_CODE): cv.string_strict,
             cv.Optional(CONF_USERNAME): cv.string,
             cv.Optional(CONF_PASSWORD): cv.string,
@@ -134,10 +134,11 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add(var.set_model(config[CONF_MODEL]))
     cg.add(var.set_apn(config[CONF_APN]))
 
-    gpio_num_t = cg.global_ns.enum("gpio_num_t")
+    tx_pin = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_TX_PIN])
+    cg.add(var.set_tx_pin(tx_pin))
 
-    cg.add(var.set_rx_pin(getattr(gpio_num_t, f"GPIO_NUM_{config[CONF_RX_PIN]}")))
-    cg.add(var.set_tx_pin(getattr(gpio_num_t, f"GPIO_NUM_{config[CONF_TX_PIN]}")))
+    rx_pin = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_RX_PIN])
+    cg.add(var.set_rx_pin(rx_pin))
 
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_NOT_RESPONDING, []):
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
diff --git a/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.cpp b/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.cpp
index ec37879f63..9fba9da1ef 100644
--- a/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.cpp
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ void ModemComponent::reset_() {
   esp_modem_dte_config_t dte_config = ESP_MODEM_DTE_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
   this->dte_config_ = dte_config;
 
-  this->dte_config_.uart_config.tx_io_num = this->tx_pin_;
-  this->dte_config_.uart_config.rx_io_num = this->rx_pin_;
+  this->dte_config_.uart_config.tx_io_num = this->tx_pin_->get_pin();
+  this->dte_config_.uart_config.rx_io_num = this->rx_pin_->get_pin();
   // this->dte_config_.uart_config.rts_io_num =  static_cast<gpio_num_t>( CONFIG_EXAMPLE_MODEM_UART_RTS_PIN);
   // this->dte_config_.uart_config.cts_io_num =  static_cast<gpio_num_t>( CONFIG_EXAMPLE_MODEM_UART_CTS_PIN);
   this->dte_config_.uart_config.rx_buffer_size = CONFIG_MODEM_UART_RX_BUFFER_SIZE;
diff --git a/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.h b/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.h
index 1fb1583795..80b1c7c97f 100644
--- a/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.h
+++ b/esphome/components/modem/modem_component.h
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
+#include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
 
@@ -53,8 +54,8 @@ class ModemComponent : public Component {
   network::IPAddresses get_ip_addresses();
   std::string get_use_address() const;
   void set_use_address(const std::string &use_address);
-  void set_rx_pin(gpio_num_t rx_pin) { this->rx_pin_ = rx_pin; }
-  void set_tx_pin(gpio_num_t tx_pin) { this->tx_pin_ = tx_pin; }
+  void set_rx_pin(InternalGPIOPin *rx_pin) { this->rx_pin_ = rx_pin; }
+  void set_tx_pin(InternalGPIOPin *tx_pin) { this->tx_pin_ = tx_pin; }
   void set_username(const std::string &username) { this->username_ = username; }
   void set_password(const std::string &password) { this->password_ = password; }
   void set_pin_code(const std::string &pin_code) { this->pin_code_ = pin_code; }
@@ -74,8 +75,8 @@ class ModemComponent : public Component {
 
  protected:
   void reset_();  // (re)create dte and dce
-  gpio_num_t rx_pin_ = gpio_num_t::GPIO_NUM_NC;
-  gpio_num_t tx_pin_ = gpio_num_t::GPIO_NUM_NC;
+  InternalGPIOPin *tx_pin_;
+  InternalGPIOPin *rx_pin_;
   std::string pin_code_;
   std::string username_;
   std::string password_;