diff --git a/test/notmuch-test b/test/notmuch-test
index 4889e49a..fcf43a86 100755
--- a/test/notmuch-test
+++ b/test/notmuch-test
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ fi
 
 cd $(dirname "$0")
 
-TESTS="basic new search search-output json thread-naming raw reply dump-restore uuencode thread-order author-order from-guessing long-id encoding emacs maildir-sync"
+TESTS="basic new search search-output search-by-folder json thread-naming raw reply dump-restore uuencode thread-order author-order from-guessing long-id encoding emacs maildir-sync"
 
 # Clean up any results from a previous run
 rm -r test-results >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
diff --git a/test/search-by-folder b/test/search-by-folder
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..162158c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/search-by-folder
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+test_description='"notmuch search" by folder: (with variations)'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_message '[dir]=bad' '[subject]="To the bone"'
+add_message '[dir]=bad/news' '[subject]="Bears"'
+mkdir -p "${MAIL_DIR}/duplicate/bad/news"
+cp "$gen_msg_filename" "${MAIL_DIR}/duplicate/bad/news"
+
+add_message '[dir]=things' '[subject]="These are a few"'
+add_message '[dir]=things/favorite' '[subject]="Raindrops, whiskers, kettles"'
+add_message '[dir]=things/bad' '[subject]="Bites, stings, sad feelings"'
+
+test_begin_subtest "Single-world folder: specification (multiple results)"
+output=$(notmuch search folder:bad | notmuch_search_sanitize)
+test_expect_equal "$output" "thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; To the bone (inbox unread)
+thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; Bears (inbox unread)
+thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; Bites, stings, sad feelings (inbox unread)"
+
+test_begin_subtest "Two-word path to narrow results to one"
+output=$(notmuch search folder:bad/news | notmuch_search_sanitize)
+test_expect_equal "$output" "thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; Bears (inbox unread)"
+
+test_begin_subtest "After removing duplicate instance of matching path"
+rm -r "${MAIL_DIR}/bad/news"
+increment_mtime "${MAIL_DIR}/bad"
+notmuch new
+output=$(notmuch search folder:bad/news | notmuch_search_sanitize)
+test_expect_equal "$output" "thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; Bears (inbox unread)"
+
+test_begin_subtest "After rename, old path returns nothing"
+mv "${MAIL_DIR}/duplicate/bad/news" "${MAIL_DIR}/duplicate/bad/olds"
+increment_mtime "${MAIL_DIR}/duplicate/bad"
+notmuch new
+output=$(notmuch search folder:bad/news | notmuch_search_sanitize)
+test_expect_equal "$output" ""
+
+test_begin_subtest "After rename, new path returns result"
+output=$(notmuch search folder:bad/olds | notmuch_search_sanitize)
+test_expect_equal "$output" "thread:XXX   2001-01-05 [1/1] Notmuch Test Suite; Bears (inbox unread)"
+
+test_done