diff --git a/bindings/python/notmuch/database.py b/bindings/python/notmuch/database.py
index 24da8e99..6238b289 100644
--- a/bindings/python/notmuch/database.py
+++ b/bindings/python/notmuch/database.py
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class Database(object):
 
         res = Database._create(_str(path), Database.MODE.READ_WRITE)
 
-        if res is None:
+        if not res:
             raise NotmuchError(
                 message="Could not create the specified database")
         self._db = res
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class Database(object):
         """
         res = Database._open(_str(path), mode)
 
-        if res is None:
+        if not res:
             raise NotmuchError(message="Could not open the specified database")
         self._db = res
 
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ class Query(object):
         self._db = db
         # create query, return None if too little mem available
         query_p = Query._create(db.db_p, _str(querystr))
-        if query_p is None:
+        if not query_p:
             raise NullPointerError
         self._query = query_p
 
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ class Query(object):
         self._assert_query_is_initialized()
         threads_p = Query._search_threads(self._query)
 
-        if threads_p is None:
+        if not threads_p:
             raise NullPointerError
         return Threads(threads_p, self)
 
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ class Query(object):
         self._assert_query_is_initialized()
         msgs_p = Query._search_messages(self._query)
 
-        if msgs_p is None:
+        if not msgs_p:
             raise NullPointerError
         return Messages(msgs_p, self)
 
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ class Directory(object):
     def _assert_dir_is_initialized(self):
         """Raises a NotmuchError(:attr:`STATUS`.NOT_INITIALIZED)
         if dir_p is None"""
-        if self._dir_p is None:
+        if not self._dir_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NOT_INITIALIZED)
 
     def __init__(self, path, dir_p, parent):
@@ -926,7 +926,7 @@ class Filenames(object):
     _move_to_next.restype = None
 
     def __next__(self):
-        if self._files_p is None:
+        if not self._files_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NOT_INITIALIZED)
 
         if not self._valid(self._files_p):
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ class Filenames(object):
                      # NotmuchError(:attr:`STATUS`.NOT_INITIALIZED)
                      for file in files: print file
         """
-        if self._files_p is None:
+        if not self._files_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NOT_INITIALIZED)
 
         i = 0
diff --git a/bindings/python/notmuch/filename.py b/bindings/python/notmuch/filename.py
index 51dae202..3f541046 100644
--- a/bindings/python/notmuch/filename.py
+++ b/bindings/python/notmuch/filename.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class Filenames(Python3StringMixIn):
              reference to it, so we can automatically delete the db object
              once all derived objects are dead.
         """
-        if files_p is None:
+        if not files_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
 
         self._files = files_p
diff --git a/bindings/python/notmuch/message.py b/bindings/python/notmuch/message.py
index d40a575d..883ed233 100644
--- a/bindings/python/notmuch/message.py
+++ b/bindings/python/notmuch/message.py
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class Messages(object):
         :TODO: Make the iterator work more than once and cache the tags in
                the Python object.(?)
         """
-        if msgs_p is None:
+        if not msgs_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
 
         self._msgs = msgs_p
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ class Message(Python3StringMixIn):
               automatically delete the parent object once all derived
               objects are dead.
         """
-        if msg_p is None:
+        if not msg_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
         self._msg = msg_p
         #keep reference to parent, so we keep it alive
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ class Message(Python3StringMixIn):
 
         msgs_p = Message._get_replies(self._msg)
 
-        if msgs_p is None:
+        if not msgs_p:
             return EmptyMessagesResult(self)
 
         return Messages(msgs_p, self)
diff --git a/bindings/python/notmuch/tag.py b/bindings/python/notmuch/tag.py
index ceb72441..71d81dd6 100644
--- a/bindings/python/notmuch/tag.py
+++ b/bindings/python/notmuch/tag.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Tags(Python3StringMixIn):
         :TODO: Make the iterator optionally work more than once by
                cache the tags in the Python object(?)
         """
-        if tags_p is None:
+        if not tags_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
 
         self._tags = tags_p
diff --git a/bindings/python/notmuch/thread.py b/bindings/python/notmuch/thread.py
index e81ff1bd..104710c4 100644
--- a/bindings/python/notmuch/thread.py
+++ b/bindings/python/notmuch/thread.py
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class Threads(Python3StringMixIn):
         :TODO: Make the iterator work more than once and cache the tags in
                the Python object.(?)
         """
-        if threads_p is None:
+        if not threads_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
 
         self._threads = threads_p
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class Thread(object):
               automatically delete the parent object once all derived
               objects are dead.
         """
-        if thread_p is None:
+        if not thread_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
         self._thread = thread_p
         #keep reference to parent, so we keep it alive
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ class Thread(object):
 
         msgs_p = Thread._get_toplevel_messages(self._thread)
 
-        if msgs_p is None:
+        if not msgs_p:
             raise NotmuchError(STATUS.NULL_POINTER)
 
         return Messages(msgs_p, self)