==============
notmuch-search
==============

SYNOPSIS
========

**notmuch** **search** [*option* ...] <*search-term*> ...

DESCRIPTION
===========

Search for messages matching the given search terms, and display as
results the threads containing the matched messages.

The output consists of one line per thread, giving a thread ID, the date
of the newest (or oldest, depending on the sort option) matched message
in the thread, the number of matched messages and total messages in the
thread, the names of all participants in the thread, and the subject of
the newest (or oldest) message.

See **notmuch-search-terms(7)** for details of the supported syntax for
<search-terms>.

Supported options for **search** include

    ``--format=``\ (**json**\ \|\ **sexp**\ \|\ **text**\ \|\ **text0**)
        Presents the results in either JSON, S-Expressions, newline
        character separated plain-text (default), or null character
        separated plain-text (compatible with **xargs(1)** -0 option
        where available).

    ``--format-version=N``
        Use the specified structured output format version. This is
        intended for programs that invoke **notmuch(1)** internally. If
        omitted, the latest supported version will be used.

    ``--output=(summary|threads|messages|files|tags|sender|recipients)``

        **summary**
            Output a summary of each thread with any message matching
            the search terms. The summary includes the thread ID, date,
            the number of messages in the thread (both the number
            matched and the total number), the authors of the thread and
            the subject.

        **threads**
            Output the thread IDs of all threads with any message
            matching the search terms, either one per line
            (--format=text), separated by null characters
            (--format=text0), as a JSON array (--format=json), or an
            S-Expression list (--format=sexp).

        **messages**
            Output the message IDs of all messages matching the search
            terms, either one per line (--format=text), separated by
            null characters (--format=text0), as a JSON array
            (--format=json), or as an S-Expression list (--format=sexp).

        **files**
            Output the filenames of all messages matching the search
            terms, either one per line (--format=text), separated by
            null characters (--format=text0), as a JSON array
            (--format=json), or as an S-Expression list (--format=sexp).

            Note that each message may have multiple filenames
            associated with it. All of them are included in the output
            (unless limited with the --duplicate=N option). This may
            be particularly confusing for **folder:** or **path:**
            searches in a specified directory, as the messages may
            have duplicates in other directories that are included in
            the output, although these files alone would not match the
            search.

        **tags**
            Output all tags that appear on any message matching the
            search terms, either one per line (--format=text), separated
            by null characters (--format=text0), as a JSON array
            (--format=json), or as an S-Expression list (--format=sexp).

	**sender**
            Output all addresses from the *From* header that appear on
            any message matching the search terms, either one per line
            (--format=text), separated by null characters
            (--format=text0), as a JSON array (--format=json), or as
            an S-Expression list (--format=sexp).

	    Note: Searching for **sender** should be much faster than
	    searching for **recipients**, because sender addresses are
	    cached directly in the database whereas other addresses
	    need to be fetched from message files.

	**recipients**
            Like **sender** but for addresses from *To*, *Cc* and
	    *Bcc* headers.

	This option can be given multiple times to combine different
	outputs. Currently, this is only supported for **sender** and
	**recipients** outputs.

    ``--sort=``\ (**newest-first**\ \|\ **oldest-first**)
        This option can be used to present results in either
        chronological order (**oldest-first**) or reverse chronological
        order (**newest-first**).

        Note: The thread order will be distinct between these two
        options (beyond being simply reversed). When sorting by
        **oldest-first** the threads will be sorted by the oldest
        message in each thread, but when sorting by **newest-first** the
        threads will be sorted by the newest message in each thread.

        By default, results will be displayed in reverse chronological
        order, (that is, the newest results will be displayed first).

    ``--offset=[-]N``
        Skip displaying the first N results. With the leading '-', start
        at the Nth result from the end.

    ``--limit=N``
        Limit the number of displayed results to N.

    ``--exclude=(true|false|all|flag)``
        A message is called "excluded" if it matches at least one tag in
        search.tag\_exclude that does not appear explicitly in the
        search terms. This option specifies whether to omit excluded
        messages in the search process.

        The default value, **true**, prevents excluded messages from
        matching the search terms.

        **all** additionally prevents excluded messages from appearing
        in displayed results, in effect behaving as though the excluded
        messages do not exist.

        **false** allows excluded messages to match search terms and
        appear in displayed results. Excluded messages are still marked
        in the relevant outputs.

        **flag** only has an effect when ``--output=summary``. The
        output is almost identical to **false**, but the "match count"
        is the number of matching non-excluded messages in the thread,
        rather than the number of matching messages.

    ``--duplicate=N``
        For ``--output=files``, output the Nth filename associated
        with each message matching the query (N is 1-based). If N is
        greater than the number of files associated with the message,
        don't print anything.

        For ``--output=messages``, only output message IDs of messages
        matching the search terms that have at least N filenames
        associated with them.

        Note that this option is orthogonal with the **folder:** search
        prefix. The prefix matches messages based on filenames. This
        option filters filenames of the matching messages.

EXIT STATUS
===========

This command supports the following special exit status codes

``20``
    The requested format version is too old.

``21``
    The requested format version is too new.

SEE ALSO
========

**notmuch(1)**, **notmuch-config(1)**, **notmuch-count(1)**,
**notmuch-dump(1)**, **notmuch-hooks(5)**, **notmuch-insert(1)**,
**notmuch-new(1)**, **notmuch-reply(1)**, **notmuch-restore(1)**,
**notmuch-search-terms(7)**, **notmuch-show(1)**, **notmuch-tag(1)**