mirror of
https://git.notmuchmail.org/git/notmuch
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269 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
269 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff
.TH NOTMUCH-SEARCH-TERMS 7 2013-08-03 "Notmuch 0.16"
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.SH NAME
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notmuch-search-terms \- syntax for notmuch queries
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B notmuch count
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.RI [ options... ]
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.RI < search-term ">..."
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.B "notmuch dump"
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.RI "[ <" filename "> ] [--]"
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.RI "[ <" search-term ">...]"
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.B notmuch search
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.RI [ options "...] <" search-term ">..."
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.B notmuch show
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.RI "[" options "...] <" search-term ">..."
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.B notmuch tag
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.RI "+<" tag> "|\-<" tag "> [...] [\-\-] <" search-term ">..."
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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Several notmuch commands accept a common syntax for search terms.
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The search terms can consist of free-form text (and quoted phrases)
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which will match all messages that contain all of the given
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terms/phrases in the body, the subject, or any of the sender or
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recipient headers.
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As a special case, a search string consisting of exactly a single
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asterisk ("*") will match all messages.
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In addition to free text, the following prefixes can be used to force
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terms to match against specific portions of an email, (where
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<brackets> indicate user-supplied values):
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from:<name-or-address>
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to:<name-or-address>
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subject:<word-or-quoted-phrase>
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attachment:<word>
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tag:<tag> (or is:<tag>)
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id:<message-id>
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thread:<thread-id>
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folder:<directory-path>
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date:<since>..<until>
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The
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.B from:
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prefix is used to match the name or address of the sender of an email
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message.
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The
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.B to:
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prefix is used to match the names or addresses of any recipient of an
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email message, (whether To, Cc, or Bcc).
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Any term prefixed with
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.B subject:
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will match only text from the subject of an email. Searching for a
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phrase in the subject is supported by including quotation marks around
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the phrase, immediately following
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.BR subject: .
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The
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.B attachment:
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prefix can be used to search for specific filenames (or extensions) of
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attachments to email messages.
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For
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.BR tag: " and " is:
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valid tag values include
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.BR inbox " and " unread
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by default for new messages added by
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.B notmuch new
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as well as any other tag values added manually with
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.BR "notmuch tag" .
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For
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.BR id: ,
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message ID values are the literal contents of the Message\-ID: header
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of email messages, but without the '<', '>' delimiters.
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The
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.B thread:
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prefix can be used with the thread ID values that are generated
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internally by notmuch (and do not appear in email messages). These
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thread ID values can be seen in the first column of output from
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.B "notmuch search"
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The
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.B folder:
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prefix can be used to search for email message files that are
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contained within particular directories within the mail store. If the
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same email message has multiple message files associated with it, it's
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sufficient for a match that at least one of the files is contained
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within a matching directory. Only the directory components below the
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top-level mail database path are available to be searched.
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The
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.B date:
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prefix can be used to restrict the results to only messages within a
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particular time range (based on the Date: header) with a range syntax
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of:
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date:<since>..<until>
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See \fBDATE AND TIME SEARCH\fR below for details on the range
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expression, and supported syntax for <since> and <until> date and time
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expressions.
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The time range can also be specified using timestamps with a syntax
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of:
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<initial-timestamp>..<final-timestamp>
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Each timestamp is a number representing the number of seconds since
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1970\-01\-01 00:00:00 UTC.
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In addition to individual terms, multiple terms can be
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combined with Boolean operators (
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.BR and ", " or ", " not
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, etc.). Each term in the query will be implicitly connected by a
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logical AND if no explicit operator is provided, (except that terms
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with a common prefix will be implicitly combined with OR until we get
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Xapian defect #402 fixed).
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Parentheses can also be used to control the combination of the Boolean
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operators, but will have to be protected from interpretation by the
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shell, (such as by putting quotation marks around any parenthesized
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expression).
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.SH DATE AND TIME SEARCH
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notmuch understands a variety of standard and natural ways of
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expressing dates and times, both in absolute terms ("2012-10-24") and
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in relative terms ("yesterday"). Any number of relative terms can be
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combined ("1 hour 25 minutes") and an absolute date/time can be
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combined with relative terms to further adjust it. A non-exhaustive
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description of the syntax supported for absolute and relative terms is
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given below.
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.RS 4
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.TP 4
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.B The range expression
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date:<since>..<until>
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The above expression restricts the results to only messages from
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<since> to <until>, based on the Date: header.
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<since> and <until> can describe imprecise times, such as "yesterday".
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In this case, <since> is taken as the earliest time it could describe
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(the beginning of yesterday) and <until> is taken as the latest time
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it could describe (the end of yesterday). Similarly,
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date:january..february matches from the beginning of January to the
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end of February.
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Currently, we do not support spaces in range expressions. You can
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replace the spaces with '_', or (in most cases) '-', or (in some
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cases) leave the spaces out altogether. Examples in this man page use
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spaces for clarity.
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Open-ended ranges are supported (since Xapian 1.2.1), i.e. it's
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possible to specify date:..<until> or date:<since>.. to not limit the
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start or end time, respectively. Pre-1.2.1 Xapian does not report an
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error on open ended ranges, but it does not work as expected either.
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Entering date:expr without ".." (for example date:yesterday) won't
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work, as it's not interpreted as a range expression at all. You can
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achieve the expected result by duplicating the expr both sides of ".."
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(for example date:yesterday..yesterday).
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.TP 4
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.B Relative date and time
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[N|number] (years|months|weeks|days|hours|hrs|minutes|mins|seconds|secs) [...]
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All refer to past, can be repeated and will be accumulated.
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Units can be abbreviated to any length, with the otherwise ambiguous
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single m being m for minutes and M for months.
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Number can also be written out one, two, ..., ten, dozen,
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hundred. Additionally, the unit may be preceded by "last" or "this"
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(e.g., "last week" or "this month").
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When combined with absolute date and time, the relative date and time
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specification will be relative from the specified absolute date and
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time.
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Examples: 5M2d, two weeks
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.TP 4
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.B Supported absolute time formats
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H[H]:MM[:SS] [(am|a.m.|pm|p.m.)]
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H[H] (am|a.m.|pm|p.m.)
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HHMMSS
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now
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noon
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midnight
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Examples: 17:05, 5pm
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.TP 4
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.B Supported absolute date formats
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YYYY-MM[-DD]
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DD-MM[-[YY]YY]
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MM-YYYY
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M[M]/D[D][/[YY]YY]
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M[M]/YYYY
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D[D].M[M][.[YY]YY]
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D[D][(st|nd|rd|th)] Mon[thname] [YYYY]
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Mon[thname] D[D][(st|nd|rd|th)] [YYYY]
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Wee[kday]
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Month names can be abbreviated at three or more characters.
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Weekday names can be abbreviated at three or more characters.
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Examples: 2012-07-31, 31-07-2012, 7/31/2012, August 3
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.RE
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.RS 4
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.TP 4
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.B Time zones
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(+|-)HH:MM
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(+|-)HH[MM]
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Some time zone codes, e.g. UTC, EET.
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.RE
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.SH SEE ALSO
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\fBnotmuch\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-config\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-count\fR(1),
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\fBnotmuch-dump\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-hooks\fR(5),
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\fBnotmuch-insert\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-new\fR(1),
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\fBnotmuch-reply\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-restore\fR(1),
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\fBnotmuch-search\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-show\fR(1), \fBnotmuch-tag\fR(1)
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